Kiln car and accessories therefor



July 25, 1950 a. aMILLER ETAL 2,516,786

KILN CAR AND ACCESSORIES THEREFOR Filed Oct. 24, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet l Qwuwvbvs John H [Sen/mar Boyd CJM/l/er July 25, 1950 B. c. MILLER ETAL 2,516,786

KILN CAR AND ACCESSORIESYTHEREFOR Filed Oct. 24, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 John H Tsen/zour .Boyd 6. 44/7/22 Patented July 25,1950

KILN CAR AND ACCESSORIES THEREFOR v Boyd 0. Miller and John H. Isenhour,

Salisbury, N. 0.

Application October 24, 1947, Serial No. 781,978

The present invention relates to an alloy castingfor a car carrying refractory block which are being fired in a car tunnel kiln.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved kiln rubbing seal.

. It is an object of the invention to protect and increase the life of kiln bearings and cars.

It is an object of the invention to substantially increase the output of refractory block per man hour .by the decrease in the number of shut downs for repairs.

It is an object of the invention to provide means to lock brick shapes against undue expansion and eliminate wall abrasion.

It is an object of the invention to provide means whereby fire clay blocks which rapidly deteriorate and cause destruction of the kiln are replaced.

. It is an object of the invention to conserve kiln heat.

- It is an object of the invention to provide improvedmeans to protect kiln cars from excessive heat.

It is a particular object of the invention to provide heat resistant chrome alloy casting to fit the top of a kiln car said casting being so constructed and arranged that it holds a large amount of insulation material where it is most needed and serves as a permanent lock against undue expansion of clay insulating material and blocks.

Other objects of the invention will appear as the description proceeds.

In the drawings like figures refer to like parts throughout. v

Fig. 1 is a section of a car tunnel kiln with a car equipped with one form of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an alloy casting representing one form of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a fire brick shape which fits the alloy casting.

A car tunnelkiln I is a refractory furnace in D which fire brick and similar products are baked at a temperature of about 2600 degrees Fahrenheit. Steel frame cars II are rolled into kiln III on rails I2, laid on the floor of a pit I3 the walls I4 of which are closely adjacent the sides of car II. Walls I4 are each provided with a channel I5 filled with sand I6 held in place by an upstanding angle member II. A cross frame I8 is provided with depending metal side flangings I9- positioned to extend into the sand I6 in channels I 5's'o that as car II is rolled along rails I2 depending fian'gings I9 form a draft seal with sand I6 and ride along therein.

A'portion of the tunnel wall above pit I3 and just above channels I5 is sloped outwardly at an 8 Claims. (Cl. 25-142) angle of about forty-five degrees as at 20. Framing I8 carries a casting 2I thereon which extends along the sides of the car II. Casting 2I may be made in mating parts as shown in Fig. 2, or in a single piece extending across frame I8 as desired. Casting 2| has a base portion 22 which sets into and is carried by cross frame I8. Frame I8 prevents improper movement of casting 2I as it extends upward around base 22. Casting 2I has an outwardly extending portion 23 which slopes upwardly parallel to and closely adjacent wall portion 20. Casting part 23 extends about half way up wall portion 20 and then projects upward substantially vertically, forming a flange 24 along the edge of car I I. Casting 2| is covered with insulation material such as clay sand asbestos or the like 25, leaving flanges 24 projecting. A fire brick shape 26 rests upon insulation material 25 and has a lower outer offset portion 21 which extends over flange 24. Space 28 is allowed for expansion. Fire brick shape 26 has an inner vertical wall 29, an inner upper offset portion 30 and a second inner wall 3|. Inner upper offset portion 30 forms a surface 32 on which rest refractory blocks 33 supported .by insulation 34 filled in to the level of surfaces 32. Second inner walls 3| abut blocks 33 and hold them in position.

In operation a stacked car I I filled with blocks 33 is rolled into tunnel kiln In which is bricked up and fired. Metal side flangings I9 ride through sand I6 and maintain a heat seal so that pit I3 is much cooler than the upper portion of the kiln Ill. As blocks 33 heat up they expand and force fire brick shape 26 outward, causing it to slide on insulation material 25. Spaces 28 are ample for this purpose. Casting 2I holds all in place and does not warp crack or burn. There is therefore no abrasion of the furnace wall by cracked insulation or blocks 33 which have become wedged between the kiln wall and the car I I. Production is increased and costs are decreased because the life of a kiln lining is greatly increased eliminating many costly shut downs to reline and the cost of such relining. Car equipment enjoys a much longer life and the number of refractory blocks output per man hour is substantially increased. With previous methods expansion of the heated refractory blocks 33 soon displaced them on cars I I so that one or more of the blocks 33 frequently fell between the car II and the kiln wall and cracked the insulatin material on the car causing it together with the fallen block to abrade the kiln wall necessitating frequent replacement. Often cars must be left in the kiln to cool as they become so locked in place that they cannot be moved.

The present invention makes a continuous tunnel kiln possible wherein cars ll may be pushed in one end and out the other as long as a kiln lining lasts. As in the case of a blast furnace continuous operation greatly increases the efi'ective life of afurnace lining as an important factor is the. large expansion and contraction to which intermittent operation subjects them which literally works the lining to death. The advan.- tages of the present invention with batch operation are great and make its use well worthwhile.

We claim:

1. In a refractory block firing unit, a tunnel kiln, said kiln having a pit with car rail therein, a kiln car arranged to be moved on said rails and having a framing structure, a heat seal meansbetween the walls of said kiln and said car, a heat resistant alloy casting positioned onv top of said framing structure, the walls. of said kiln having an outwardly flared portion, said casting having outwardly extending wall. portion approximatelyparallel. to, and closely adjacent to said flared wall; portion, upstandingfianging means on the outer portion of said casting, insulation material covering said framingv structure and said casting, said flange extending above saidinsulation. material, a plurality of parallelepiped fire brick shapes having diagonally offset channel portions on. their outer lower and. inner upper parts, said shapes resting on said insulation material and extending above said upstanding flang- 4 heat conserving relation therewith whereby a permanent heat seal is provided, said approximately parallel portions being arranged to make a substantial angle with the vertical.

5. A fire brick supporting shape for use with a kiln car having an upstanding edge comprising, a parallelepiped base portion arranged to rest within a, car, an upwardly and outwardly extending; portionarranged to project over the edge of a kiln car, said base portion and said upwardly and outwardly extending portion being joined to ing, but inwardly spaced therefrom a sufficient distance to, allow for. expansion and refractory block on said. inner upper ofiset partof said shape. 2. The combination set. forth in claim 1, said parallellepiped.shapesbeing rectangular, said innor upper channel in each. said. shape providing a. supporting base for refractory block and an upstanding portion arranged-to engage said block on expansion.

' 3 In a refractory block firing unit, a tunnel kiln said kiln having; a. relatively high tempera.- ture. portion and a. relatively low temperature portion, a movable car in said low temperature portion, a frame for said car, heat conserving. means between said movable car and the walls of the-kiln tunnel serving to separate said low temperature portion from said .hightemperature portion, an. upstanding heat resistant alloy member mounted onthe. upper side of. said car frame, said heat conserving means comprising a portion of said alloy member. approximately parallel to a portion of said kiln wall'andin closely, adjacent heat conserving relation therewith. whereby a permanent heat seal is provided, said alloy memher having an outwardly extending flared portion extending into a, longitudinal chamiel like cavity in said kiln wall and forming a portion of said heat conserving means.

4. In a refractory block firing unit, a'tunnel' kiln, said kiln having a relatively high tempera-- ture portion and. a relatively low temperature portion, a movable car in said low temperature portion, a frame for said car, heat conserving means between said movable car and the Walls of. the kiln tunnel serving to separate said low temperature portion from said high temperature portion, an upstanding heat resistant alloy member mounted on the upper side-of said car frame, said heat conserving means comprising aportion of said alloy member approximately parallel to a portion. of: said kiln. wall and in closely: adjacent form an inner channel means the lower wall of which is formedby an upper surface of said base portion and. a. side wall of which is formed by an inner: wall of said upwardly and outwardly extending portions, parallel end walls helping to maintain said outwardly and upwardly extending portion. at an obtuse angle to said base portion, said outwardl extending portion projecting outwardly and upwardly far enough toprotect a kiln car frame from high temperature of kiln gases.

d'Th combination set forth in claim 5, said outwardly and upwardly extendingportion forming an obtuse angle with said base portion of such value that the angularly extending portion closely corresponds to :a sloping. p'ortion 'of a kiln normally adjacent a caredge and a central. web joining said base portion and said outwardly and extending. portion to maintain the unit stress in said" shape below the yield point at? normal kiln working temperatures.

7. The combinatiorrset forth-inclaim- I, said alloy casting comprising a base plate; a; wall at an obtuse angle to said base plate and a tapered upstanding edge on' the upper part of said wall, said base plate having positioning means: whereby. said castingmay be-securelypositioned on top of a kiln ear and receive refractory block for firing.

8-. The'combination set forth in cl'ai'm I, said fire brick shapes comprising; a rectangular parallelepiped having a base portion arranged torest within a car; an upwardlyand outwardly extending portion arranged to projectover the-edg of REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record-inthe file of this patent:

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321,388 Owens Nomir, 19.19 1-,439A'73: Knox Dec.. 19; I922 1,628,273 Richardson May 10119279 1,636,073 Robertson; July 19,, 1-927 1-,69l ;08.5 Straight: i i-- .Dec. 4;.1928; 117393176 Morriset. a1. De.c;.:l'.0,.l92il 1,838,672 I-Ianley, Jr. Dec; 29 .1931. 1,879,246 Hogue Sept.;27 .1932

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